About Istanbul
Istanbul is a city renowned for its deep historical and cultural significance, spanning thousands of years. It stands as Turkey's most populous metropolis and serves as the nation's cultural and economic powerhouse. Recognized as a European Capital of Culture in 2010, Istanbul uniquely straddles the continents of Asia and Europe, connected by the Bosphorus Strait, which links the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea. With a population estimated between 12 and 19 million, it ranks among the largest cities in both Europe and the world.
Nestled at the crossroads of two continents, Istanbul's identity is shaped by its location along the Bosphorus. The city embodies a rich fusion of Asian and European influences, fostering a vibrant and diverse cultural and economic hub. It acts as a dynamic link connecting Central Asia, Eastern Europe, the Balkans, the Caucasus, the Middle East, and North Africa.
Historically, Istanbul served as the capital of the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires, underscoring its immense historical importance. Its breathtaking natural scenery and remarkable landmarks—such as mosques, churches, synagogues, palaces, and bazaars—continue to captivate visitors from around the globe. The city masterfully balances its historical heritage with modern developments, ensuring it meets the needs of both residents and tourists while preserving its timeless charm.
Climate & Clothing
Located in Northwestern Turkey, Istanbul enjoys a mild Mediterranean climate, with weather patterns more aligned with Europe than Asia.
For the latest weather updates, visit the Turkish State Meteorological Service
Transportation in Istanbul
Istanbul's transportation system includes buses, ferries, taxis, minibusses, subways, trams, and light railways.
Buses: Public and private buses are popular and frequent. Route names are displayed on signs at the front of each bus. Tickets, such as Akbil or Istanbul-Kart, can be purchased at stations or convenience shops. Double-decker buses may be required for longer routes. General knowledge for bus lines in İstanbul you may visit bus lines.
Ferries: Ferries connect European districts (Eminönü, Beşiktaş, Karaköy) to the Asian side (Kadıköy, Bostancı, Üsküdar). For schedules, brochures are available at ferry stations.
Minibusses: Operating from 6:00 AM to 1:00 AM, these smaller buses accept cash payments, with fares varying by route.
Trams: Convenient for tourist areas, tickets can be purchased at tram stations.
Subway: The Istanbul Metro connects downtown and commercial areas. Tickets are available at station ticket offices. Istanbul Metro Map
Visa Information
Tourists and business travelers can obtain an e-visa before arrival. Apply online at the Republic of Turkey Visa Application System: www.evisa.gov.tr. The e-visa costs $20, payable by credit or debit card. For detailed visa information: General Visa Information
Places to Visit in Istanbul
Basilica Cistern: Constructed in the 6th century under Emperor Justinian I, this vast underground structure features 336 marble columns and once supplied water to Topkapi Palace.
Blue Mosque (Sultanahmet Camii): Famous for its stunning blue tiles, this mosque was built between 1609 and 1616 to rival the Hagia Sophia.
Bosphorus: This vital strait divides Asia and Europe, linking the Black Sea with the Marmara Sea, and spans 31 kilometers.
Chora Church (Kariye Museum): A remarkable Byzantine structure known for its mosaics and frescoes, it served as a church, then a mosque, and now a museum.
Grand Bazaar: Opened in 1461, it is one of the largest covered markets in the world, offering Turkish carpets, ceramics, leather goods, and jewelry.
Hagia Sophia (Aya Sofya): Built in 537, this architectural marvel has been a cathedral, a mosque, and a museum, famed for its domed roof and mosaics.
Hippodrome: Once a hub for chariot racing during the Byzantine era, it features columns like the Serpent Column and the Obelisk of Theodosius.
Topkapi Palace: The former residence of Ottoman sultans for over 400 years, this palace includes four courtyards and housed the government, mint, and archives.
Istanbul combines its historical grandeur with modern vibrancy, making it a must-visit destination for travelers worldwide.